Detail
Duration
Overview
5.5 years including a 12-month internship
MBBS Year HubAll Years (1st-Final)All UniversitiesAll Subjects
MBBS by Year: 1st to Final Year Guide
MBBS in India spans four years of study under the National Medical Commission (NMC) Competency-Based Medical Education (CBME) framework, covering 14 paper-bearing subjects across Phase 1 through Phase 3 Part 2. Whether you are just starting out in 1st Year or pushing through Final Year preparations, GeckoMed brings your previous year question papers (PYQs), syllabus, notes, and viva prep together in one place.
Start MBBS prep in GeckoMed — free for 4 daysMBBS at a Glance
| Detail | Overview |
|---|---|
| Duration | 5.5 years including a 12-month internship |
| Framework | NMC CBME |
| Paper-bearing subjects | 14 |
| Years of study | 4 (1st Year through Final Year) |
| Phases | Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3 Part 1, Phase 3 Part 2 |
| Passing criteria | Theory and practical assessed separately; minimum pass marks set by each university |
Detail
Framework
Overview
NMC CBME
Detail
Paper-bearing subjects
Overview
14
Detail
Years of study
Overview
4 (1st Year through Final Year)
Detail
Phases
Overview
Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3 Part 1, Phase 3 Part 2
Detail
Passing criteria
Overview
Theory and practical assessed separately; minimum pass marks set by each university
MBBS Year by Year
MBBS 1st Year
Phase 1 — Foundation Sciences
The first year of MBBS introduces the basic sciences that underpin all of clinical medicine. Three subjects run through this year, each with heavy theory and practical components.
| Subject | What It Covers |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | Structure of the human body — gross anatomy, histology, embryology, and neuroanatomy |
| Physiology | Functions and mechanisms of organ systems, from cardiac physiology to renal regulation |
| Biochemistry | Molecular biology, metabolism, enzymes, and clinical biochemistry relevant to disease |
Subject
What It Covers
Structure of the human body — gross anatomy, histology, embryology, and neuroanatomy
Subject
What It Covers
Functions and mechanisms of organ systems, from cardiac physiology to renal regulation
Subject
What It Covers
Molecular biology, metabolism, enzymes, and clinical biochemistry relevant to disease
Resources for 1st Year:
- MBBS 1st Year Question Papers
- MBBS 1st Year Syllabus
- Anatomy Notes for MBBS 1st Year
- Physiology Notes PDF
- Biochemistry Notes for MBBS 1st Year
MBBS 2nd Year
Phase 2 — Pathology and Applied Sciences
Second year builds on the foundation with four subjects that bridge basic science and clinical understanding. This year is often considered one of the most content-heavy phases.
| Subject | What It Covers |
|---|---|
| Pathology | Disease mechanisms, general pathology, systemic pathology, haematology |
| Pharmacology | Drug classification, mechanisms of action, adverse effects, and clinical pharmacology |
| Microbiology | Bacteriology, virology, mycology, parasitology, immunology |
| Forensic Medicine | Medical jurisprudence, toxicology, and medico-legal aspects of clinical practice |
Subject
What It Covers
Disease mechanisms, general pathology, systemic pathology, haematology
Subject
What It Covers
Drug classification, mechanisms of action, adverse effects, and clinical pharmacology
Subject
What It Covers
Bacteriology, virology, mycology, parasitology, immunology
Subject
What It Covers
Medical jurisprudence, toxicology, and medico-legal aspects of clinical practice
Resources for 2nd Year:
- MBBS 2nd Year Question Papers
- MBBS 2nd Year Syllabus
- Pharmacology Notes PDF
- Pathology Notes PDF
- Microbiology Mnemonics
MBBS 3rd Year
Phase 3 Part 1 — Community and Specialty Sciences
Third year shifts attention towards community health and the clinical specialties. Three subjects run in this phase, each with a distinct clinical and practical focus.
| Subject | What It Covers |
|---|---|
| Community Medicine | Epidemiology, biostatistics, public health programmes, national health policies |
| ENT | Ear, nose, and throat disorders including common surgical and medical conditions |
| Ophthalmology | Eye anatomy, common ophthalmic conditions, and surgical principles |
Subject
What It Covers
Epidemiology, biostatistics, public health programmes, national health policies
Subject
What It Covers
Ear, nose, and throat disorders including common surgical and medical conditions
Subject
What It Covers
Eye anatomy, common ophthalmic conditions, and surgical principles
Resources for 3rd Year:
MBBS Final Year
Phase 3 Part 2 — Core Clinical Sciences
Final Year is the most clinically intensive phase. Four major subjects assess your readiness to apply medical knowledge at the bedside. University examinations in this year carry the highest stakes.
| Subject | What It Covers |
|---|---|
| General Medicine | Diagnosis and management of medical conditions across organ systems |
| General Surgery | Surgical principles, common surgical conditions, operative techniques |
| Obstetrics and Gynaecology | Antenatal care, labour, postnatal care, and gynaecological disorders |
| Paediatrics | Child health, neonatal care, growth and development, paediatric diseases |
Subject
What It Covers
Diagnosis and management of medical conditions across organ systems
Subject
What It Covers
Surgical principles, common surgical conditions, operative techniques
Subject
What It Covers
Antenatal care, labour, postnatal care, and gynaecological disorders
Subject
What It Covers
Child health, neonatal care, growth and development, paediatric diseases
Resources for Final Year:
MBBS Syllabus 2026
The NMC CBME framework sets the syllabus structure for all MBBS universities in India. Your university may add or adjust topics, but the core competency framework is common across institutions.
| Year | National Syllabus | Subjects |
|---|---|---|
| 1st Year | MBBS 1st Year Syllabus | Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry |
| 2nd Year | MBBS 2nd Year Syllabus | Pathology, Pharmacology, Microbiology, Forensic Medicine |
| 3rd Year | MBBS 3rd Year Syllabus | Community Medicine, ENT, Ophthalmology |
| Final Year | MBBS Final Year Syllabus | General Medicine, General Surgery, OBG, Paediatrics |
Year
1st Year
National Syllabus
Subjects
Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry
Year
2nd Year
National Syllabus
Subjects
Pathology, Pharmacology, Microbiology, Forensic Medicine
Year
3rd Year
National Syllabus
Subjects
Community Medicine, ENT, Ophthalmology
Year
Final Year
National Syllabus
Subjects
General Medicine, General Surgery, OBG, Paediatrics
MBBS Previous Year Question Papers
PYQs are the single most effective revision tool for university MBBS exams. GeckoMed archives papers from 2025 back to 2021 across seven Indian universities.
MBBS Study Resources
Beyond PYQs, GeckoMed provides the following resources curated for MBBS students:
Notes and Study Material
- MBBS 1st Year Books List
- MBBS 2nd Year Books List
- Anatomy Handwritten Notes PDF
- Biochemistry Notes PDF
- Physiology Notes PDF
Viva Preparation
- Anatomy Viva Questions and Answers
- Physiology Viva Questions
- Biochemistry Viva Questions
- Microbiology Viva Questions
- Pathology Practical Viva Questions
Practical Guides
- Histology Slides Identification
- Anatomy Practical Exam Questions
- Biochemistry Practical Exam Questions
Mnemonics
Study Aid Charts
MBBS by University
GeckoMed covers seven Indian medical universities with subject-wise PYQs, syllabus pages, and exam preparation resources.
| University | State | Hub |
|---|---|---|
| RGUHS | Karnataka | RGUHS MBBS Resources |
| KNRUHS | Telangana | KNRUHS MBBS Resources |
| TNMGRMU | Tamil Nadu | TNMGRMU MBBS Resources |
| NTRUHS | Andhra Pradesh | NTRUHS MBBS Resources |
| WBUHS | West Bengal | WBUHS MBBS Resources |
| KUHS | Kerala | KUHS MBBS Resources |
| RUHS | Rajasthan | RUHS MBBS Resources |
University
RGUHS
State
Karnataka
University
KNRUHS
State
Telangana
University
TNMGRMU
State
Tamil Nadu
University
NTRUHS
State
Andhra Pradesh
University
WBUHS
State
West Bengal
University
KUHS
State
Kerala
University
RUHS
State
Rajasthan
Frequently Asked Questions
How many years is MBBS in India?
MBBS in India is a five-and-a-half-year programme under the NMC CBME framework. This includes four academic years of study covering 14 paper-bearing subjects, followed by a compulsory 12-month internship.
What subjects are there in MBBS 1st Year?
MBBS 1st Year (Phase 1) covers three subjects: Anatomy, Physiology, and Biochemistry. These foundation sciences are examined by your university at the end of the first year through theory and practical assessments.
What subjects are there in MBBS 2nd Year?
MBBS 2nd Year (Phase 2) covers four subjects: Pathology, Pharmacology, Microbiology, and Forensic Medicine. Second year is widely regarded as the most content-heavy phase of the programme.
What subjects are in MBBS 3rd Year?
MBBS 3rd Year (Phase 3 Part 1) covers Community Medicine, ENT, and Ophthalmology. These subjects combine population health with clinical specialty knowledge.
What subjects are in the MBBS Final Year?
Final Year (Phase 3 Part 2) covers General Medicine, General Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Paediatrics. These are the core clinical disciplines examined in the university final examinations.
How many total subjects are there in MBBS?
MBBS in India has 14 paper-bearing subjects spread across four years. Each subject has separate theory and practical examinations set by the affiliating university.
Where can I find MBBS previous year question papers for my university?
GeckoMed hosts PYQs from 2025 back to 2021 for seven universities. You can browse by university hub or by subject to find the papers relevant to your exam.
Is the MBBS syllabus the same across all universities in India?
The NMC CBME framework sets a common competency structure for all universities. However, each university may emphasise different topics or set papers with varying formats. Reviewing PYQs from your specific university is the most reliable way to understand the pattern.
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