Obstetrics and Gynaecology for MBBS: Notes, PYQs and Viva

What Is Obstetrics and Gynaecology in MBBS?

OBG in the MBBS Final Year is taught and examined as two integrated disciplines. Obstetrics covers the physiological and pathological aspects of pregnancy, labour, and the puerperium. Gynaecology covers disorders of the female reproductive tract outside of pregnancy.

The obstetrics syllabus begins with the anatomy of the female pelvis, fertilisation, and fetal development, then proceeds to antenatal care (routine investigations, minor ailments, danger signs), the mechanism and management of normal labour across its three stages, and the immediate postnatal period. High-yield pathological obstetrics topics include hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (preeclampsia, eclampsia, HELLP syndrome), antepartum haemorrhage (placenta praevia versus abruptio placentae — differentiation and management), postpartum haemorrhage (the four causes and their management), preterm labour, malpresentations (breech, transverse, face and brow), obstructed labour, and medical disorders complicating pregnancy (gestational diabetes, anaemia, cardiac disease, thyroid disorders). Operative obstetrics covers indications for forceps delivery, vacuum extraction, and lower segment caesarean section (LSCS), along with their complications. Ectopic pregnancy — its clinical features, investigation, and surgical versus medical management — is tested in both obstetrics and gynaecology sections across most university papers.

The gynaecology syllabus covers abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and its causes including dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB), uterine fibroids (classification, symptom pattern by site, medical versus surgical management), endometriosis, ovarian cysts and their complications, genital tract prolapse, infertility (causes in both partners, investigations, assisted reproduction basics), sexually transmitted infections and pelvic inflammatory disease, and gynaecological malignancies. Carcinoma of the cervix — including FIGO staging, Pap smear, colposcopy, and treatment options — is among the most consistently asked topics across all seven universities. Contraception covering barrier methods, combined oral contraceptives, intra-uterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs), emergency contraception, and sterilisation is high-yield in both written papers and viva.

The OBG practical examination involves clinical case examination with an obstetric or gynaecological patient, instrument identification (obstetric forceps, vacuum cup, IUCD types, specula), and a viva. Some universities also include an OSCE station for OBG under the NMC CBME framework.

Obstetrics and Gynaecology Question Papers by University

GeckoMed provides OBG question papers across all seven target universities. Tier-1 universities (RGUHS, KNRUHS, TNMGRMU) include papers from 2025, 2024, 2023, and 2021. Non-Tier-1 universities include available paper years.

OBG Viva and Practical Preparation

OBG is the only Final Year subject with a confirmed GeckoMed viva page:

OBG Viva Questions and Answers Covers obstetrics (antenatal care, normal and abnormal labour, postpartum complications) and gynaecology (menstrual disorders, fibroids, ectopic pregnancy, contraception). Includes clinical scenario questions and instrument identification questions commonly asked in Final Year OBG viva exams at RGUHS, KNRUHS, TNMGRMU, and the other GeckoMed universities. Model answers are written to match the depth expected at Final Year MBBS level.

The OBG practical examination requires direct patient examination, so clinical posting experience — and revision of the clinical examination approach for antenatal and gynaecological cases — is essential preparation alongside written paper revision. Instrument identification commonly covers obstetric forceps (Wrigley's, Neville-Barnes, Kielland's), vacuum extractor, specula, dilators, IUCD types, and a fetal stethoscope.

Additional OBG viva and practical preparation material is available in the GeckoMed app.

Obstetrics and Gynaecology Notes and Study Material

GeckoMed's medical topics library covers the three highest-yield OBG conditions across the Final Year written paper and viva:

Ectopic Pregnancy Ampullary location as the most common site, clinical features (pain, bleeding, fainting), beta-hCG and transvaginal ultrasound in diagnosis, and salpingectomy versus salpingotomy surgical decision. Tested in both obstetrics and gynaecology sections at multiple universities.

Preeclampsia Diagnostic criteria, pathophysiology, HELLP syndrome, magnesium sulphate regimen and monitoring, antihypertensive management in pregnancy, and the delivery decision. Among the most consistently tested topics in OBG papers across all seven universities.

Fibroids FIGO classification by site, symptom pattern by location (submucosal, intramural, subserosal), medical versus surgical management, myomectomy versus hysterectomy decision, and fibroids in pregnancy.

Also useful for OBG revision:

• MBBS Clinical Reference Library — The IAP immunization schedule and national immunization schedule are tested in both OBG (immunisation during pregnancy and postnatal period) and Paediatrics. Reviewing vaccines in the context of maternal and neonatal care pairs naturally with OBG revision.
• MBBS Drug Dosing Reference — Oxytocics (oxytocin, ergometrine, misoprostol), tocolytics, oral contraceptives, emergency contraception, and drugs used in preeclampsia management are covered with exam-framed dosing notes.
• How to Pass MBBS Final Year — Study strategy for all four Final Year subjects including OBG.

Subject-level OBG notes are available in the GeckoMed app. Website notes pages will be added as they publish.

Related Subjects

OBG is examined in the Final Year professional examination alongside three other subjects and overlaps meaningfully with each:

General Medicine — Medical complications of pregnancy (gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, cardiac disease in pregnancy, thyroid disorders) are tested in both OBG and General Medicine written papers. Revising the OBG management alongside the General Medicine pathophysiology of these conditions strengthens both.

General Surgery — Ectopic pregnancy presents as an acute surgical abdomen and is asked in surgical context at some universities. Gynaecological oncology staging and surgical approach also bridges both subjects.

Paediatrics — The transition from obstetrics to neonatal care is directly tested in Paediatrics. Neonatal resuscitation, neonatal jaundice, and the immediate newborn assessment are examined in Paediatrics but require understanding of the birth process from OBG. The neonatal jaundice topic guide covers both the obstetric causes and the paediatric management.

Community Medicine — Maternal mortality (causes, India's national indicators, RMNCH+A programme), safe motherhood, and family planning are tested in Community Medicine and overlap directly with OBG content on contraception and maternal care.

Frequently Asked Questions