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Phase 1 (1st Year)
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MBBS 1st Year Question Papers (2025-2021)
All three Phase 1 subjects, Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, in one place. Find 1st Year MBBS question papers from seven Indian health sciences universities, understand the exam pattern, and revise the high-yield topics that shape 1st Year university papers.
Compiled from university question papers. SME-reviewed. Updated 2026.
Open 1st Year PYQs in the GeckoMed app for offline access and topic-wise revision.Quick Facts: MBBS 1st Year Exams
| Detail | Information |
|---|---|
| MBBS phase | Phase 1 (1st Year) |
| Curriculum | NMC Competency Based Medical Education (CBME) |
| Subjects | Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry |
| Assessment | University theory papers, practical, viva voce and internal assessment |
| Universities covered | RGUHS, KNRUHS, TNMGRMU, NTRUHS, WBUHS, KUHS, RUHS |
| Paper years on GeckoMed | 2025 to 2021 (Tier-1 universities); 2025 to 2023 for Anatomy and Physiology at other universities |
| Marks and duration | Set by each university; check your university notification |
Detail
Curriculum
Information
NMC Competency Based Medical Education (CBME)
Detail
Subjects
Information
Detail
Assessment
Information
University theory papers, practical, viva voce and internal assessment
Detail
Universities covered
Information
RGUHS, KNRUHS, TNMGRMU, NTRUHS, WBUHS, KUHS, RUHS
Detail
Paper years on GeckoMed
Information
2025 to 2021 (Tier-1 universities); 2025 to 2023 for Anatomy and Physiology at other universities
Detail
Marks and duration
Information
Set by each university; check your university notification
Papers by University
| University | State | Anatomy | Physiology | Biochemistry |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RGUHS | Karnataka | Anatomy papers | Physiology papers | Biochemistry papers |
| KNRUHS | Telangana | Anatomy papers | Physiology papers | Biochemistry papers |
| TNMGRMU | Tamil Nadu | Anatomy papers | Physiology papers | Biochemistry papers |
| NTRUHS | Andhra Pradesh | Anatomy papers | Physiology papers | Biochemistry papers |
| WBUHS | West Bengal | Anatomy papers | Physiology papers | Biochemistry papers |
| KUHS | Kerala | Anatomy papers | Physiology papers | Biochemistry papers |
| RUHS | Rajasthan | Anatomy papers | Physiology papers | Biochemistry papers |
University
RGUHS
State
Karnataka
Anatomy
Physiology
Biochemistry
University
KNRUHS
State
Telangana
Anatomy
Physiology
Biochemistry
University
TNMGRMU
State
Tamil Nadu
Anatomy
Physiology
Biochemistry
University
NTRUHS
State
Andhra Pradesh
Anatomy
Physiology
Biochemistry
University
WBUHS
State
West Bengal
Anatomy
Physiology
Biochemistry
University
KUHS
State
Kerala
Anatomy
Physiology
Biochemistry
University
RUHS
State
Rajasthan
Anatomy
Physiology
Biochemistry
Year-Wise Papers (Tier-1 Universities)
| University | Anatomy | Physiology | Biochemistry |
|---|---|---|---|
| RGUHS | 2025 · 2024 · 2023 · 2021 | 2025 · 2024 · 2023 · 2021 | 2025 · 2024 · 2023 · 2021 |
| KNRUHS | 2025 · 2024 · 2023 · 2021 | 2025 · 2024 · 2023 · 2021 | 2025 · 2024 · 2023 · 2021 |
| TNMGRMU | 2025 · 2024 · 2023 · 2021 | 2025 · 2024 · 2023 · 2021 | 2025 · 2024 · 2023 · 2021 |
University
RGUHS
Anatomy
Physiology
Biochemistry
University
KNRUHS
Anatomy
Physiology
Biochemistry
University
TNMGRMU
Anatomy
Physiology
Biochemistry
MBBS 1st Year Exam Pattern
| Component | What It Involves |
|---|---|
| Theory papers | Long essays, short notes and short answers for each subject |
| Practical | Anatomy: spotters, osteology, histology; Physiology: haematology and clinical examination; Biochemistry: qualitative and quantitative exercises |
| Viva voce | Oral questions on theory and practical topics |
| Internal assessment | Continuous assessment by your college through the year |
Component
Theory papers
What It Involves
Long essays, short notes and short answers for each subject
Component
Practical
What It Involves
Anatomy: spotters, osteology, histology; Physiology: haematology and clinical examination; Biochemistry: qualitative and quantitative exercises
Component
Viva voce
What It Involves
Oral questions on theory and practical topics
Component
Internal assessment
What It Involves
Continuous assessment by your college through the year
Question types to expect:
- Long essays: Full description with diagrams, for example the brachial plexus or the cardiac cycle
- Short notes: Focused explanation of one concept
- Short answers: Definitions, lists, reasons and normal values
- Applied questions: Clinical correlation of a normal structure, function or pathway
The number of papers, marks and duration are set by each university and can change between sessions. Always confirm with your university notification.
Subject-Wise Topic Analysis
Priority reflects syllabus weight and standard textbook emphasis for Phase 1. It is revision guidance, not a year-by-year frequency count. Paper-wise topic frequency is published in the GeckoMed app as it becomes available.
Anatomy
| Topic Area | High-Yield Topics | Priority |
|---|---|---|
| Upper limb | Brachial plexus, nerve injuries, axilla, shoulder joint | High |
| Lower limb | Femoral triangle, knee joint, hip joint, nerve injuries | High |
| Thorax | Heart, coronary circulation, lungs, mediastinum, diaphragm | High |
| Abdomen and pelvis | Inguinal canal, stomach, liver, portal vein, kidney, uterus | High |
| Head and neck | Cranial nerves, parotid, thyroid, cavernous sinus, scalp | High |
| Neuroanatomy | Internal capsule, spinal cord tracts, ventricles, blood supply | High |
| Histology, embryology, genetics | Basic tissues, organ histology, pharyngeal arches, chromosomal disorders | Medium |
Topic Area
Upper limb
High-Yield Topics
Brachial plexus, nerve injuries, axilla, shoulder joint
Priority
High
Topic Area
Lower limb
High-Yield Topics
Femoral triangle, knee joint, hip joint, nerve injuries
Priority
High
Topic Area
Thorax
High-Yield Topics
Heart, coronary circulation, lungs, mediastinum, diaphragm
Priority
High
Topic Area
Abdomen and pelvis
High-Yield Topics
Inguinal canal, stomach, liver, portal vein, kidney, uterus
Priority
High
Topic Area
Head and neck
High-Yield Topics
Cranial nerves, parotid, thyroid, cavernous sinus, scalp
Priority
High
Topic Area
Neuroanatomy
High-Yield Topics
Internal capsule, spinal cord tracts, ventricles, blood supply
Priority
High
Topic Area
Histology, embryology, genetics
High-Yield Topics
Basic tissues, organ histology, pharyngeal arches, chromosomal disorders
Priority
Medium
Physiology
| Topic Area | High-Yield Topics | Priority |
|---|---|---|
| Blood | Coagulation, blood groups, erythropoiesis | High |
| Cardiovascular | Cardiac cycle, ECG, regulation of blood pressure | High |
| Respiratory | Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve, regulation of respiration | High |
| Renal | GFR, counter-current mechanism, micturition | High |
| Nerve and muscle | Action potential, neuromuscular junction | High |
| Central nervous system | Pain pathway, cerebellum, hypothalamus, reflexes | High |
| Endocrine and reproduction | Thyroid, insulin, calcium metabolism, menstrual cycle | Medium |
Topic Area
Blood
High-Yield Topics
Coagulation, blood groups, erythropoiesis
Priority
High
Topic Area
Cardiovascular
High-Yield Topics
Cardiac cycle, ECG, regulation of blood pressure
Priority
High
Topic Area
Respiratory
High-Yield Topics
Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve, regulation of respiration
Priority
High
Topic Area
Renal
High-Yield Topics
GFR, counter-current mechanism, micturition
Priority
High
Topic Area
Nerve and muscle
High-Yield Topics
Action potential, neuromuscular junction
Priority
High
Topic Area
Central nervous system
High-Yield Topics
Pain pathway, cerebellum, hypothalamus, reflexes
Priority
High
Topic Area
Endocrine and reproduction
High-Yield Topics
Thyroid, insulin, calcium metabolism, menstrual cycle
Priority
Medium
Biochemistry
| Topic Area | High-Yield Topics | Priority |
|---|---|---|
| Carbohydrate metabolism | Glycolysis, TCA cycle, gluconeogenesis, glycogen storage diseases | High |
| Lipid metabolism | Beta-oxidation, ketone bodies, cholesterol, lipoproteins | High |
| Protein metabolism | Urea cycle, amino acid disorders | High |
| Enzymes | Classification, kinetics, inhibition, clinical enzymology | High |
| Molecular biology | DNA replication, transcription, translation | Medium |
| Vitamins and minerals | Deficiency disorders, iron and calcium metabolism | Medium |
| Clinical biochemistry | Liver and kidney function tests, acid-base balance | Medium |
Topic Area
Carbohydrate metabolism
High-Yield Topics
Glycolysis, TCA cycle, gluconeogenesis, glycogen storage diseases
Priority
High
Topic Area
Lipid metabolism
High-Yield Topics
Beta-oxidation, ketone bodies, cholesterol, lipoproteins
Priority
High
Topic Area
Protein metabolism
High-Yield Topics
Urea cycle, amino acid disorders
Priority
High
Topic Area
Enzymes
High-Yield Topics
Classification, kinetics, inhibition, clinical enzymology
Priority
High
Topic Area
Molecular biology
High-Yield Topics
DNA replication, transcription, translation
Priority
Medium
Topic Area
Vitamins and minerals
High-Yield Topics
Deficiency disorders, iron and calcium metabolism
Priority
Medium
Topic Area
Clinical biochemistry
High-Yield Topics
Liver and kidney function tests, acid-base balance
Priority
Medium
Important Questions to Practise
These questions reflect the style used in 1st Year university papers and are not attributed to a specific year or university.
Anatomy
- Describe the brachial plexus. Add a note on Erb's palsy.
- Describe the inguinal canal. Add a note on inguinal hernia.
- Describe the blood supply of the heart.
- Write a short note on the cavernous sinus.
Physiology
- Describe the cardiac cycle with a labelled diagram.
- Describe the mechanism of blood coagulation.
- Describe the counter-current mechanism.
- Write a short note on the oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve.
Biochemistry
- Describe glycolysis and its regulation.
- Describe the urea cycle and its disorders.
- Describe ketone body formation and utilisation.
- Write a short note on enzyme inhibition.
How to Use These Papers
- Start with the latest year for each subject, then work backwards to spot repeated topics.
- Attempt papers under timed conditions rather than only reading the questions.
- Practise diagrams for Anatomy and Physiology, and pathway charts for Biochemistry.
- Link theory to practicals and viva, since these carry separate marks.
- Use a fixed answer template for each subject; see how to write answers in MBBS exams.
- Finish with important topics pages such as thorax anatomy and renal physiology.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which subjects are in MBBS 1st Year?
Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry make up Phase 1 of MBBS under the NMC CBME curriculum.
Are MBBS 1st Year question papers free on GeckoMed?
Yes. The paper listings and question lists on this page are free to view. The GeckoMed app adds offline access and topic-wise revision.
Which universities are covered?
RGUHS, KNRUHS, TNMGRMU, NTRUHS, WBUHS, KUHS and RUHS. Tier-1 universities have papers from 2025, 2024, 2023, 2022, and 2021.
How many years of papers should I solve before the exam?
Aim to attempt at least the last three to four years for each subject under timed conditions, then revise the topics that repeat.
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